GERMANIUM MONOSULFIDE
GERMANIUM (II) SULFIDE
CAS: 12025-32-0
Molecular Formula: GeS
GERMANIUM MONOSULFIDE - Names and Identifiers
GERMANIUM MONOSULFIDE - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | GeS |
| Molar Mass | 104.71 |
| Density | 4.100 |
| Melting Point | 615 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 1503.99°C (estimate) |
| Water Solubility | 0.24g/100mL H2O [CRC10] |
| Appearance | crystal |
| Color | black |
| Storage Condition | Room Temprature |
| Sensitive | 7: reacts slowly with moisture/water |
GERMANIUM MONOSULFIDE - Risk and Safety
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
GERMANIUM MONOSULFIDE - References
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Performance | germanium sulfide has unique optical and electronic speed change performance, as well as its high stability, abundant reserves, environment-friendly, low toxicity and other properties, more important is its small band gap, germanium sulfide thin film has the potential to absorb single electron multi-state exciton, is expected to be applied to new photodetector. |
| Overview | germanium sulfide is a semiconductor material. It is obtained from the reaction of germanium powder and sulfur vapor or mixed gas of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur, and is an intermediate product of germanium metallurgy. Germanium sulfide is an ideal material for the next generation of solar cells because of its low cost and non-toxicity. It can also expand the capacity of lithium ion batteries and increase storage for supercapacitors. |
| Basic information | Chinese name: germanium sulfide: white powder solubility: insoluble in water and inorganic acid (including strong acid), soluble in hot alkali stability: unstable, high temperature easy sublimation and oxidation, dissociation in humid air or inert atmosphere |
| Main properties | 1, germanium sulfide, white powder. Orthogonal crystal structure. 2. Density: 2.19g/cm3. Melting point 800 °c. 3. The molten state is a bright Brown transparent body with a melting point of 5.81g/cm3. 4, insoluble in water and inorganic acid (including strong acid), soluble in hot alkali, soluble in ammonia or two ammonia sulfide to form germanium amide. |
| Application | germanium sulfide is a substance with high absorption of microwave radiation, so when using microwave radiation for sulfur volatilization, only the sulfide selectively absorbs microwave radiation to produce an instantaneous high temperature, so that germanium reacts with sulfur to generate germanium sulfide, while germanium sulfide continues to absorb microwave radiation to reach the temperature of sublimation and volatilization, the transmission of microwave radiation is very strong, and uniform, the volatilization efficiency of germanium sulfide is high, and the local high temperature is not too high. The main result is germanium sulfide, which is beneficial to the subsequent process treatment, the indirect heating method of the rotary kiln and the heat conduction through the medium are superior. |
| application field | solar cell: researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a pink metal germanium sulfide (GeS) "nanoflower" that can be used to create next-generation solar cells and ultra-high-density energy storage systems. The scientists heated the germanium sulfide powder in a furnace until it began to vaporize. Once the particles of the germanium sulfide powder are free in the air, they are blown into a relatively low temperature region of the furnace where a sheet of 20-30 nm thickness and 100 nm length is deposited and solidified. As more and more flakes increased, they began to diverge from each other, forming a structure that looked like a flower, and eventually developed a germanium sulfide "Nano Flower". Although it is very small, but the shape of the petal makes its surface area larger, so it can store a lot of energy, is expected to bring a battery revolution. For example: the application of smart phone battery. figure: pink metal germanium sulfide (GeS) "Nano Flower" germanium sulfide glass film: Germanium chloride and N-germanium acid ethyl ester were used as sol-gel precursors, germanium sulfide thin films were prepared on single crystal silicon and glass substrates by spin coating technique; ge chalcogenide glass thin films can also be prepared by vacuum coating techniques such as thermal evaporation and ion sputtering. These thin films have a large number of applications in the field of optoelectronics. Its low phonon energy and high refractive index can lead to low non-radiative attenuation and large emission cross-sections, resulting in higher gain, it is a good integrated optical device for the rapid development and application of optical communication and optical sensing technology. |
| preparation | (1) the mass ratio is 2:1 of calcium carbonate and purity level of 99.5% of the mixture of elemental calcium and the mass ratio of 4:3:3 of the purity level of 99.9% of germanium powder, germanium dioxide, the mixture of germanium monooxide was loaded into a quartz tube in a molar ratio of 1:1, discharged to mTorr pressure on a vacuum sealing machine, and sealed under vacuum with a hydrogen-oxygen torch, after annealing at 1000 °c for 20 hours, cooling to room temperature, the reaction product was stirred in 20W% HCl solution for 5 days, and the temperature was controlled at -20 °c, the purified germanium multilayer graphene analog GeH was obtained by sequentially washing with ultrapure water, methanol and drying. (2) the above product GeH and sulfur powder with a purity level of 99.5 were added to the quartz tube in a molar ratio of 1:5, and sealed under vacuum by using a vacuum sealing machine, it was then annealed at 800 ° C. For 8 hours, cooled to room temperature, washed with carbon disulfide and ultrapure water in that order, and dried to obtain layered germanium sulfide. |
| references | [1]http://baike.baidu.com/link? url = y_QROLgcQ8uTLwX31Z-wPo1trauLjhn7RCg1nYXNglwUluM9gEf2tZlzD0DiursLnvqPKEq0rlOY2G61HCcMvotVidC9RN0xBX5wVa07UgfvjZqozQMX8T92SUR-M1qS [2] Li Zhongdong. New achievements in solar energy research [J]. Solar energy, 2013(2):39-41. [3] Xu Jian, Xia Haiping, Zhang Yupin, etc. Germanium sulfide glass films prepared by sol-gel method with different precursors [J]. The Journal of silicates, 2004, 32(8):1029-1032. |
| production method | 1. Direct synthesis of germanium and sulfur at 1000 ° C.; Heating germanium to 850 ° C. Sublimation in a hydrogen sulfide gas stream; Decomposition of Germanium disulfide in a hydrogen stream; germanium disulfide is heated together with germanium; Hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen are reacted in germanium dioxide, etc. 2. Place 5g of germanium dioxide in a mL beaker, wet with water, add 25mL 10mol/L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and heat smoothly. After cooling, the solution was neutralized with 6mol/L hydrochloric acid (non-boiling, avoiding volatilization of germanium tetrachloride formed). The addition of hydrochloric acid was continued until the precipitated germanium hydroxide was redissolved. About 150ml of the clear solution was transferred to a 500ml Erlenmeyer flask, and 50ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added (to make the acidity of the solution 3mol/L). Then, 25g of 50% hypophosphorous acid was added and heated in a water bath for 2-4H. The solution was cooled in water and neutralized with 50-60ml of concentrated aqueous ammonia until the resulting precipitate of germanium hydroxide no longer disappeared. Hydrogen sulfide was introduced into the solution under pressure until saturation. The resulting red-brown precipitate was collected in a gurnard funnel and washed with water adjusted to slightly acidic with hydrochloric acid. Drying was performed on phosphorus pentoxide. |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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